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Updates: 

I added the legal populations for 2010.

Country overview: 

Short name	MARTINIQUE
ISO code	MQ
FIPS code	MB
Language	French (fr)
Time zone	-4
Capital	Fort-de-France

 

Martinique was a French colony until 1946, when it became an overseas department, and thus in theory a peer of any of the European departments of France. In 1974, when French regions were established, it became a one-department region as well. Martinique has a NUTS code of FR92 (as a region, or FR920 as a department), a department code of 972, and postal codes of the form 972xx, all of which are extensions of the French system.

Other names of country: 

1. English: Department of Martinique (formal)
2. French: Martinique
3. Icelandic: Martiník
4. Italian: Martinica
5. Norwegian: Martinique
6. Portuguese: Martinica
7. Russian: Мартиника
8. Spanish: Martinica f
9. Turkish: Martinik

Origin of name: 

named by Columbus, probably from native name Madinina: island of lush vegetation

Primary subdivisions: 

Martinique is divided into four arrondissements.

Name	HASC	INSEE	Pop-2010	Pop-1999	Area(km.²)	Area(mi.²)
Fort-de-France	MQ.FF	972 1	166,885	166,238	171	66
Marin	MQ.MA	972 3	123,479	106,771	409	158
Saint-Pierre	MQ.SP	972 4	24,056	23,436	210	81
Trinité	MQ.TR	972 2	86,115	84,880	338	130
4 arrondissements			400,535	381,325	1,128	436
HASC: Hierarchical administrative subdivision codes. INSEE: Territory codes from French national statistics agency. Pop-2010: 2010-01-01 legal population (source [1]). Pop-1999: 1999-03 census (source [2]). Capitals have the same name as their arrondissements.

Further subdivisions:

See the Communes of Martinique page.

The arrondissements are subdivided into communes.

Territorial extent: 

Martinique includes the island of Martinique and a few adjacent islets, such as Îlet Ramville, Îlet Long, and Îlet Cabri.

Origins of names: 

Fort-de-France: originally Fort Royal, name changed for patriotic reasons after the French Revolution

Change history: 

1. 1946-03-19: Martinique became a département d'outre-mer (overseas department) of France. It had one arrondissement, Fort-de-France.
2. 1965-09-15: Trinité arrondissement split from Fort-de-France.
3. 1974-04-26: Marin arrondissement split from Fort-de-France.
4. 1973-03-02: Martinique became an overseas region of France, also remaining an overseas department.
5. 1995-05: Saint-Pierre arrondissement created (probably split from Fort-de-France).

Other names of subdivisions: 

1. Marin: Le Marin (variant)
2. Trinité: La Trinité (variant)

Sources: 

1. [1] Populations légales ... . Insee (retrieved 2013-05-04).
2. [2] l'Atlas français 2001.