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Updates: 

I added a population history from source [1].

Country overview: 

Short name	Curaçao
ISO code	CW
FIPS code	UC
Language	Dutch (nl)
Time zone	-4
Capital	Willemstad

 

Curaçao was part of the Netherlands Antilles, a colony of the Netherlands, until 2010-10-10. On that date it became an autonomous country within the Kingdom of the Netherlands.

Other names of country: 

1. Russian: Кюрасао
2. Spanish: Curazao

Origin of name: 

possibly from Portuguese coração: heart, or curação: healing; or from an ethnic name.

Primary subdivisions: 

Curaçao has no known administrative divisions.

Country	HASC	Population	Area(km.²)	Area(mi.²)	Capital
Curaçao	CW.CU	150,563	444	171	Willemstad
Country: This division is the whole of the country, treated as a division for compatibility. HASC: Hierarchical administrative subdivision code. Population: 2011-03-26 census (source [1]).

 

ISO 3166-2 provides two codes for Curaçao. Considered as a separate country, its code is CW. Considered as part of the Netherlands, its code is NL-CW.

Territorial extent: 

The country consists only of Curaçao Island, the much smaller Klein Curaçao Island, and other islets immediately offshore.

The UN LOCODE page  for Curaçao lists locations in the country, some of them with their latitudes and longitudes, some with their ISO 3166-2 codes for their subdivisions. This information can be put together to approximate the territorial extent of subdivisions.

Change history: 

2010-10-10: Curaçao was split from the former Netherlands Antilles. In its previous status, its HASC code was AN.CU. Willemstad had been the capital of Netherlands Antilles.

Population history:

Date	Population
1930	50,165
1960-12-31	125,181
1971-12-31	146,884
1981-02-01	147,388
1992-01-27	144,097
2001-01-29	130,627
2011-03-26	150,563

Sources: 

1. [1] Eerste Resultaten Census 2011  (First Results of the 2011 Census). Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek, Willemstad, 2012-07-31 (retrieved 2014-01-31).